{"id":3172,"date":"2025-12-31T05:23:22","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T20:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.id774.net\/entry\/?p=3172"},"modified":"2026-01-08T06:58:18","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T21:58:18","slug":"%e5%81%89%e5%a4%a7%e3%81%aa%e3%82%8b%e8%a1%b0%e9%80%80%e6%9c%9f%e3%81%af%e8%a8%aa%e3%82%8c%e3%82%8b%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.id774.net\/entry\/2025\/12\/31\/3172\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306f\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u7a3f\u306f\u3001\u6587\u660e\u306e\u5c06\u6765\u3092\u4e88\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u8a66\u307f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300c\u6587\u660e\u306f\u8fd1\u3044\u5c06\u6765\u6ec5\u3073\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u554f\u3044\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7523\u696d\u9769\u547d\u3092\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u30fb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30fb\u751f\u7523\u6027\u30fb\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u304c\u540c\u6642\u304b\u3064\u81ea\u5df1\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u306b\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u305f 19\u301c21 \u4e16\u7d00\u3092\u300c\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u6210\u9577\u671f<\/strong>\uff08The Great Growth\uff09\u300d\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u4eba\u985e\u6587\u660e\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u5c40\u9762\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f<\/strong>\uff08The Great Decline\uff09\u300d\u304c\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u5b66\u30fb\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u30fb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5236\u7d04\u30fb\u4eba\u53e3\u52d5\u614b\u30fb\u74b0\u5883\u5236\u7d04\u30fb\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u7d71\u8a08\uff09\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5148\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u7d76\u6ec5\u306f\u4f4e\u78ba\u7387\u3060\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u9ad8\u3044\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u9577\u671f\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u3001\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u6587\u660e\u306e\u7e2e\u9000\u3084\u65ad\u7d9a\uff08\u9023\u7d9a\u6027\u306e\u5f31\u307e\u308a\uff09\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u554f\u984c\u306f\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u6ec5\u3073\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u4f55\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u3001\u4f55\u3092\u7d99\u627f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u300d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1. \u307e\u305a\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\uff1a\u4f55\u304c\u300c\u8870\u9000\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b<\/h2>\n

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\n

2. \u6b74\u53f2\u5b66\u30fb\u6587\u660e\u8ad6\uff1a\u8870\u9000\u306f\u4f8b\u5916\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308d\u65e2\u5b9a\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/h2>\n

\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u660e\u306f\u6210\u9577\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u5316\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u304c\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3057\u3001\u3084\u304c\u3066\u9650\u754c\u70b9\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u7c21\u7d20\u5316\uff08\u7e2e\u9000\uff09\u3078\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53cd\u5fa9\u304c\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5f37\u3044\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u300c\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u306f\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u9650\u754c\u52b9\u7528\u304c\u9013\u6e1b\u3057\u3001\u3042\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u7dad\u6301\u304c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3067\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b[1]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5916\u6575\u3084\u707d\u5bb3\u306f\u5f15\u304d\u91d1\u306b\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3088\u308a\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u306f\u300c\u7dad\u6301\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u300d\u3068\u300c\u52b9\u7528\u306e\u9013\u6e1b\u300d\u304c\u7e2e\u9000\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

3. \u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u30fb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u7406\u8ad6\uff1a\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306f\u201c\u8d85\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u201d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u5185\u8535\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n

\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u4f9b\u7d66\u7db2\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u5c02\u9580\u5206\u696d\u3001\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4f9d\u5b58\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3078\u306e\u5168\u9762\u4f9d\u5b58\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u5099\u3048\u305f\u8d85\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306f\u3001\u5076\u767a\u7684\u306a\u6545\u969c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u9811\u5065\u3067\u3082\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u6025\u901f\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5931\u3044\u5f97\u308b[2]<\/a>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u306f\u95be\u5024\uff08\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff09\u3092\u8de8\u3050\u3068\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u6025\u5909\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u56de\u5fa9\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308b[3]<\/a>\u3002\u8870\u9000\u671f\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5358\u767a\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u95be\u5024\u8d8a\u3048\u304c\u8907\u6570\u9818\u57df\u3067\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u3001\u56de\u5fa9\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4f59\u5270\uff08\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30fb\u8cc7\u672c\u30fb\u4eba\u6750\u30fb\u4fe1\u983c\uff09\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u6e1b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u5c40\u9762\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u59a5\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

4. \u7269\u7406\u30fb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5236\u7d04\uff1a\u6210\u9577\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u3001\u554f\u984c\u306f\u201c\u7dad\u6301\u6c34\u6e96\u201d\u306b\u79fb\u308b<\/h2>\n

19\u301c20 \u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u52a0\u901f\u306f\u3001\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u77ed\u671f\u9593\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7d4c\u6e08\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u304c\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u4f59\u5270\u306f\u300c\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u300d\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6e90\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u53ce\u652f\uff08EROI\uff09\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u306e\u4e0a\u9650\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u5f97\u308b[4]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u300c\u6210\u9577\u304c\u6b62\u307e\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u6b62\u307e\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3069\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3078\u79fb\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

5. \u74b0\u5883\u30fb\u5730\u7403\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\uff1a\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u7d42\u672b\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9023\u9396\u3092\u592a\u304f\u3059\u308b\u5897\u5e45\u5668<\/h2>\n

\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u4eba\u985e\u3092\u7d76\u6ec5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3001\u98df\u6599\u30fb\u6c34\u30fb\u5c45\u4f4f\u53ef\u80fd\u57df\u30fb\u707d\u5bb3\u983b\u5ea6\u30fb\u79fb\u6c11\u30fb\u7d1b\u4e89\u306a\u3069\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3044\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u5897\u5e45\u3059\u308b\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u50cd\u304d\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002IPCC AR6 \u7d71\u5408\u5831\u544a\u66f8<\/a>\u306f\u3001\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u304c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3068\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3001\u67fb\u8aad\u6587\u732e\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u304d\u7dcf\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[5]<\/a>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5730\u7403\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u300c\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u6d3b\u52d5\u9818\u57df\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u65b9\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30cd\u30bf\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30d0\u30a6\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30fc<\/a>\uff09\u306f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u6587\u660e\u904b\u7528\u306e\u5916\u90e8\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b[6]<\/a>\u3002\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u306f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u3092\u4e00\u6483\u3067\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u305b\u308b\u5203\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u7dad\u6301\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u4f59\u5270\u3092\u524a\u308a\u3001\u9023\u9396\u7684\u306a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3059\u308b\u5897\u5e45\u5668\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

6. \u7d4c\u6e08\u30fb\u4eba\u53e3\u52d5\u614b\uff1a\u7dad\u6301\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u5897\u5927\u3068\u3001\u652f\u3048\u308b\u5074\u306e\u7e2e\u5c0f<\/h2>\n

\u9577\u671f\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5909\u5316\uff08\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3068\u9ad8\u9f62\u5316\uff09\u306f\u3001\u6210\u9577\u7387\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u7dad\u6301\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u30fb\u8a13\u7df4\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u3001\u707d\u5bb3\u5fa9\u65e7\u3001\u884c\u653f\u904b\u55b6\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6587\u660e\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3057\u5f97\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u306f\u8907\u96d1\u5316\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3069\u8abf\u6574\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u5897\u3057\u3001\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\u306e\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u300c\u8cc7\u6e90\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306a\u3044\u304b\u300d\u3068\u306f\u5225\u306e\u7d4c\u8def\u3067\u3001\u6587\u660e\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5316\u3057\u3066\u300c\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u7e2e\u9000\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001World3 \u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u300e\u6210\u9577\u306e\u9650\u754c<\/a>\u300f\u304c\u3042\u308b[7]<\/a>\u3002\u540c\u66f8\u306f\u4e88\u8a00\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6709\u9650\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u3067\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\u7684\u6210\u9577\u3092\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u7cfb\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u3092\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u304b\u3092\u3001\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u70b9\u306b\u610f\u7fa9\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

7. \u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\uff08\u78ba\u7387\u8ad6\uff09\u306e\u6574\u7406\uff1a\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u5e74\u7387\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u3067\u306f\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n

\u300c\u8870\u9000\u671f\u304c\u6765\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\u6271\u3046\u3068\u304d\u3001\u9375\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u5e74\u7387\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\uff08\u305d\u306e\u5e74\u306b\u6587\u660e\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u6027\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u78ba\u7387\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5e74\u7387\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3001\u671f\u9593\u304c\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308c\u3070\u300c\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u5ea6\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u78ba\u7387\u300d\u306f\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3002\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306f\u3001\u5358\u767a\u306e\u5927\u707d\u5bb3\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u8907\u6570\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u91cd\u306a\u3063\u3066\u300c\u56de\u5fa9\u529b\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u3063\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u304c\u9577\u304f\u7d9a\u304f\u5c40\u9762\u3092\u542b\u3080\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7d2f\u7a4d\u78ba\u7387\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u50cd\u304f\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u7d71\u8a08\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u306f\u672a\u6765\u3092\u65ad\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u8d77\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u65ad\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u7121\u7406\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

8. \u300c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u6307\u3059\u300d\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b<\/h2>\n

\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b74\u53f2\u5b66\u306f\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u306e\u9650\u754c\u52b9\u7528\u9013\u6e1b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e30\u7d0d\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b[1]<\/a>\u3002\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7cfb\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u640d\u5931\u306b\u8106\u5f31\u306b\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b[2]<\/a>\u3002\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u95be\u5024\u8d8a\u3048\u306b\u3088\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u9077\u79fb\u3068\u56de\u5fa9\u56f0\u96e3\u6027\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b[3]<\/a>\u3002\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7d4c\u6e08\u306f\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b[4]<\/a>\u3002\u5730\u7403\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u79d1\u5b66\u306f\u5916\u90e8\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5897\u5e45\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b[5]<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u3002\u7d4c\u6e08\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306e\u7cfb\u304c\u7e2e\u9000\u306b\u81f3\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059[7]<\/a>\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3082\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3082\u7570\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u57df\u304c\u300c\u9ad8\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u3001\u7e2e\u9000\u5c40\u9762\u306f\u5341\u5206\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u306b\u53ce\u675f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

9. \u300c\u3044\u3064\u6765\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\uff1a\u8870\u9000\u306f\u4e00\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5e2f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b<\/h2>\n

\u8870\u9000\u306f\u5ba3\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5f8c\u4e16\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u300c\u3053\u3053\u304c\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5f62\u3067\u9032\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6210\u9577\u671f\u306e\u672b\u671f\u306f\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u306b\u306f\u60f0\u6027\u3068\u3057\u3066\u898b\u3048\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u7e41\u6804\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7e2e\u9000\u304c\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u308c\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6211\u3005\u306e\u6b7b\u5f8c\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u4ee5\u5185\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5c04\u7a0b\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3001\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u57fa\u76e4\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u75b2\u52b4\u306e\u84c4\u7a4d\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u9855\u5728\u5316\u3059\u308b\u6642\u9593\u5e45\u3068\u3057\u3066\u59a5\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8a00\u3046\u8870\u9000\u306f\u300c\u6025\u843d\u300d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u300c\u7de9\u3084\u304b\u306a\u7e2e\u5c0f\u300d\u3084\u300c\u5730\u57df\u5206\u65ad\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u5f97\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u958b\u59cb\u306f\u4e00\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5f8c\u9000\u304c\u91cd\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5e2f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

10. \u30ba\u30d0\u30ea\u4f55\uff05\u304b\uff1a\u4e00\u70b9\u63a8\u5b9a\u3068\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027<\/h2>\n

\u78ba\u7387\u3092\u4e00\u70b9\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u300c\u6211\u3005\u306e\u6b7b\u5f8c\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u4ee5\u5185\uff08\u6982\u306d 300 \u5e74\u4ee5\u5185\uff09\u306b\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u6587\u660e\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u898f\u6a21\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u5c40\u9762\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u304c\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u78ba\u7387<\/strong>\u300d\u306f\u7d04 60\uff05\uff08\u00b115\uff05\uff09\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/strong>\u304c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300c\u5fc5\u305a\u6765\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u300c\u6765\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u65ad\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u3088\u308a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u898b\u901a\u3057\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3060\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u306f\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u7d76\u6ec5\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u306e\u7e2e\u9000\u30fb\u65ad\u7d9a\u300d\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u7d76\u6ec5\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u3080\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

11. \u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1a\u6700\u3082\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u5e30\u7d50<\/h2>\n

\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306e\u6700\u3082\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306a\u5e30\u7d50\u306f\u3001\u5168\u9762\u5d29\u58ca\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u4f9b\u7d66\u7db2\u304c\u6052\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u5bfe\u8c61\u304b\u3089\u5916\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u6280\u8853\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3082\u518d\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u304c\u5897\u3048\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u5b9f\u88c5\u306e\u65ad\u7d76\u304c\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6587\u660e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u304c\u5730\u57df\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5206\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5730\u57df\u3068\u3001\u524d\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u6c34\u6e96\u3078\u5f8c\u9000\u3059\u308b\u5730\u57df\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u306b\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306f\u5b58\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6587\u660e\u306e\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u5230\u9054\u70b9\u304c\u8aac\u660e\u4e0d\u80fd\u306a\u907a\u69cb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8981\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3001\u8870\u9000\u3068\u306f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u306e\u6b7b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u306e\u7e2e\u5c3a\u5909\u66f4\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

12. \u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u306f\u8a2a\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b<\/h2>\n

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\n

13. \u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051<\/h2>\n

\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u89b3\u3084\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u6bd4\u55a9\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u30fb\u5b9f\u8a3c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u72ec\u7acb\u306b\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u306b\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u7bc0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u300c\u5f37\u3044\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u300d\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001Joseph A. Tainter \u306f\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5b66\u30fb\u6b74\u53f2\u5b66\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u660e\u304c\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u5897\u5927\u3057\u3001\u3084\u304c\u3066\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3078\u306e\u6295\u8cc7\u306e\u9650\u754c\u52b9\u7528\u304c\u9013\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f[1]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u660e\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5916\u6575\u3084\u707d\u5bb3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5076\u767a\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5d29\u58ca\u304c\u300c\u975e\u5408\u7406\u306e\u5931\u6557\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u5408\u7406\u6027\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306b\u3082\u76f4\u63a5\u9069\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001Tainter \u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u6bd4\u55a9\u306b\u7559\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u8fd1\u5e74\u3067\u306f\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u3092\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u5f79\u5272\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u554f\u984c\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u5897\u5927\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u7ba1\u7406\u30fb\u7d71\u5236\u5c64\u304c\u80a5\u5927\u5316\u3057\u3001\u3042\u308b\u95be\u5024\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u30ec\u30b8\u30ea\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u6319\u52d5\u304c\u518d\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b[8]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u304c\u300c\u5c11\u3057\u305a\u3064\u5f31\u304f\u306a\u308b\u300d\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u70b9\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3068\u6025\u901f\u306b\u7e2e\u9000\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u6570\u7406\u7684\u306b\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3092\u8cc7\u6e90\u3068\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u6d88\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7cfb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u3092\u7269\u7406\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3048\u308b\u3002Ugo Bardi \u3089\u306f\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u6027\u3068\u8cc7\u6e90\u30fb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u53ce\u652f\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u7e2e\u9000\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[9]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7e2e\u9000\u306f\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u30fb\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5931\u6557\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u306b\u3001\u6210\u9577\u3068\u5d29\u58ca\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u6210\u9577\u306f\u9045\u304f\u5d29\u58ca\u306f\u901f\u3044\u50be\u5411\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300cSeneca Effect\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u660e\u306f\u9577\u3044\u6642\u9593\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u6210\u9577\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u7e2e\u9000\u306f\u77ed\u671f\u9593\u3067\u9032\u884c\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u306f\u3001\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u304c\u300c\u9577\u3044\u8b66\u544a\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u7a81\u7136\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b[10]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e94\u306b\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u3082\u4eba\u53e3\u898f\u6a21\u306f\u5b89\u5168\u88c5\u7f6e\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u7d71\u8a08\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u96c6\u56e3\u5185\u90e8\u304c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u540c\u671f\uff08\u76f8\u95a2\uff09\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u898f\u6a21\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5e73\u5747\u5316\u304c\u52b9\u304d\u306b\u304f\u304f\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[11]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u5316\u3057\u305f\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u304c\u300c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u304b\u3089\u5b89\u5168\u300d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u304c\u3086\u3048\u306b\u540c\u6642\u306b\u63fa\u3089\u3050\u300d\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u516d\u306b\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u6587\u660e\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u6587\u660e\u306e\u8870\u9000\u304c\u5358\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u5236\u7d04\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\u75b2\u52b4\u30fb\u8cc7\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5931\u6557\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9078\u629e\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9032\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3092\u591a\u6570\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f[12]<\/a>\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u5049\u5927\u306a\u308b\u8870\u9000\u671f\u304c\u300c\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u7834\u5c40\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u52b9\u304d\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u6642\u4ee3\u533a\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u65b9\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u7dcf\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u30fb\u524d\u63d0\u30fb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u4eba\u985e\u5b66\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u7cfb\u6570\u7406\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u6587\u660e\u53f2\uff09\u304c\u3001\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u5316\u3057\u305f\u6587\u660e\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6025\u901f\u306b\u7e2e\u9000\u3057\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u57df\u3078\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3044\u3046\u300c\u5f37\u3044\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u300d\u3068\u306f\u672a\u6765\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4e88\u8a00\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u7fa4\u304c\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u3078\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306d\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u57df\u3092\u72ed\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Joseph A. Tainter, The Collapse of Complex Societies<\/i>, Cambridge University Press (1988). \u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831\uff08Google Books\uff09: https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/The_Collapse_of_Complex_Societies.html?id=M4H-02d9oE0C<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. R. Albert, H. Jeong, A.-L. Barab\u00e1si, \u201cError and attack tolerance of complex networks,\u201d Nature<\/i> 406, 378\u2013382 (2000). DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/35019019<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Marten Scheffer, Critical Transitions in Nature and Society<\/i>, Princeton University Press (2009). JSTOR: https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/j.ctv173f1g1<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. C. A. S. Hall, J. G. Lambert, S. B. Balogh, \u201cEROI of different fuels and the implications for society,\u201d Energy Policy<\/i> 64, 141\u2013152 (2014). ScienceDirect: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0301421513003856<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. IPCC, AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023<\/i> (Longer Report, PDF). https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/syr\/downloads\/report\/IPCC_AR6_SYR_LongerReport.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Will Steffen et al., \u201cPlanetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet,\u201d Science<\/i> 347(6223):1259855 (2015). DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1259855<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meadows, J\u00f8rgen Randers, William W. Behrens III, The Limits to Growth<\/i> (1972). \u6982\u8981\uff08\u66f8\u8a8c\uff09: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Limits_to_Growth<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Florian Schunck et al., \u201cA dynamic network model of societal complexity and resilience inspired by Tainter\u2019s theory of collapse\u201d, arXiv:2102.06698 (2021). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2102.06698<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. Ugo Bardi et al., \u201cToward a General Theory of Societal Collapse: A Biophysical Examination\u201d, arXiv:1810.07056 (2018). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1810.07056<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. Ugo Bardi, The Seneca Effect: Why Growth is Slow but Collapse is Rapid<\/i>, Springer (2017). https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-3-319-57207-9<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. Marcus J. Hamilton & Robert S. Walker, \u201cDemographic synchrony increases the vulnerability of human societies to collapse\u201d, arXiv:2510.07660 (2025). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2510.07660<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. Jared Diamond, Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed<\/i>, Viking (2005). Wikipedia: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collapse%3A_How_Societies_Choose_to_Fail_or_Succeed<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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